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电机扫膛的原因分析
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2025-12-11
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一、什么是电机扫膛？
电机扫膛是指电机的转子与定子发生相互摩擦的机械故障。它发生在电机运行的不同阶段，比如试验阶段、使用阶段等。
二、原因分析
电机发生扫膛的直接原因就是转子与定子中心不同，它们之间的气隙不均匀，在转动过程中出现相互摩擦。而产生这一现象的原因有很多，大概如下：
①电机轴承振动增大未处理。这种现象还不会发生电机扫膛故障，但持续运行会使轴承损坏，进而可能会发生电机扫膛。
②电机轴承跑内圈。电机轴承因振动大损坏，或者轴承与轴装配不合适，导致电机转轴与轴承内圈出现动摩擦。
③电机轴承跑外圈。电机轴承因振动大损坏，或者轴承与端盖装配不合适，导致电机轴承座与轴承外圈出现动摩擦。
④电机加工精度较差。电机气隙不均匀，而且电机在运行过程中，出现了定子铁芯内缩，转子铁芯外涨，气隙明显减小而发生摩擦。
⑤电机转轴弯曲。电机转轴弯曲后，转子与定子之间的气隙不均匀，部分气隙太小而出现摩擦。
⑥定子与转子之间存在异物。对于带径向通风道，电机转子定子等零件制造过程中产生的金属屑进入了不易清理的地方，电机运行时随机被甩出，而该异物大于电机定子与转子的气隙距离，导致异物在定子与转子之间相互摩擦。
⑦电机轴断裂。焊接轴往往受到焊接技术水平以及使用时负荷冲击等因素影响，焊接轴相对更容易发生断裂，导致转子与定子出现摩擦。
因水平有限，总结不正确之处，敬请指正！
来源：公众号“电气主值班员”
（版权归原作者或机构所有）
UPX 总部
UNITED STATES UBISHIN BEARING GROUP CO.,LTD
ADD: 9404 Hazy Morning Dr, Colorado Springs, CO 80925, USA
Email: usa@upx-usa.com